carlson



T. A. CARLSON.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1917. h 1 ,31.2,234, Y Patented Aug. 0, 1919.

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ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED )ULY n, 1917.

1 ,3 1 2,234, Patented Au". 5, 1919.

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ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY. 1917. I 1,312,234, Patented Aug. 5,1919.

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Slumntoz Witwwo Theado refl arlson UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

THEODORE A. CARLSON, 0F fiUSKEGON, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO ANNA CARLSON, OI MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN.

ENGINE.

Application filed July 11, 1917. Serial No. 179,989.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE A. CARL- soN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Muskegon, in the county of Muskegon and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention elates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and its objects are: first, to provide a means whereby the reciprocating movements of the pistons in a piston engine may be converted into a rotary motion within the engine; second, to provide a means whereby the efiiciency of the explosive force of the gas in the cylinder will be greatly increased; third, to provide a means whereby the jar and shaking movement incident upon the use of reciprocating pistons may be practically obviated; fourth, to eliminate dead centers from reciprocating engines; fifth, to pro vide a means whereby the reciprocating movements of the pistons in reciprocating engines, and the transmitted energy of the explosions will be smooth, even and continuous.

I attain these objects by the mechanism, and peculiar construction shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my engine complete. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same looking upward from the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the meeting ends of the cam case, on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the cam case on the line 4'4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the cylinder cases on the line 55 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a like view of the cylinder cases on the line 66 of Fig. 10. Fig. 7 is a like view of the cylinder cases on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a plan of the cam looking relatively downward upon the cam in Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a sectional end view of the cam and cam case looking to the left from the line 99 of Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a sectional end view of the cylinder case on the line'1010 of Fig. 2. Fig. 11 is a plan of the pistons and piston rods with the cross head shown in section. Fig. 12 is an enlarged plan of the crosshead and ways. Fig. 13 is a sectional view, and Fig. 14 is a plan of the valve. Fig. 15 is an end view of the valve, and Fig. 16 is an end view of a piston. Fig. '17 is Specification of Letters Patent.

a sectional elevation of the inner cap of the engine practically on the line 17, 17 of Fig. 7.

Similar reference characters indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the construction of this engine I make use of two cylinder cases, 1, 1, each containing several cylinders, and place between them a cam case, 2, which is divided, laterally, into two parts as indicated by the line 33 on Fig. 2, for the purpose of forming two sets of compression chambers, in, it, one in each end of the cam case. The cylinder cases, 1, 1, are set at each end of the cam case, and connected, as at c-0, in such a manner that each pair of cylinders, 4, 4, located with one at each end of the cam case, will be in direct alinement, and the three cases, 1, 1, and 2, are held firmly together by means of bolts 1', 1' passed through the holes 7', j and securely screwed in place, as indicated in Fig. 1.

Each cylinder case is provided with several cylinders, 4, 4, and the pistons 5, 5 are mounted on piston rods 7, 7, in pairs, each pair to work in corresponding cylinders at each end of the engine. The reciprocal movement of the pistons 5, 5 is converted into a rotary movement of the shaft 9, through the medium of the cam 3, as follows: This cam is provided with an endless, serpentine groove 12 that extends from end to end of the cam around its entire diameter, in such a manner that the action of the antifriction rollers 11, 11, upon the walls of the groove, under the influence of the expanding gas in the cylinders, upon the pistons 5, 5 will cause the cam, and the shaft, to revolve. The rollers 11, 11 are mounted upon a cross head 6 upon the piston rods between each pair of pistons, and I prefer thatthey be mounted substantially as indicated in Fig. 11, with ball bearing connections, as indicated at q, q, in said" figure.

I prefer that the return curves of the groove at the endsof the cam, be made very gradual, as indicated in Fig. 8, to give ample time for the full exhaust of the used gas from each cylinder before the pistons have moved far enough upon their return stroke to cover the exhaust openings a to exhaust channels or ports-for each cylinder case, so that each exhaust channel will carry off the exhaust from two cylinders, dis-. =--chargingthrough the auxiliary channels .right hand cylinders in Fig. 2, when the said ports are opened sufficiently to allow the medium of ordinary spark plugs the free passage of the exhausted gas at the end of the piston stroke. are made to pass into the compression chambers h,h, allowing .the pistons to move unobstructed.

The gas circulation, in these engines, is through the carbureter 14, into the valve chamber 10. and thence through the revolving valves 8 and out through the openings 6, near the-back ends of the back ends of the cylinders, tons are in the positions shown in the upper right hand cylinder, and the lower left hand valves, into the inder, in Fig. 2, and whenthese pistons start on their backward movement the revolvin valvesbring the solid surfaces ofv the vaves' over the openings 7 in the cylinders, as indicated in the upper left hand, and the lower right hand cylinders and keep these openings closed against the escape of gas until the pistons have reached the ends of their backward strokes, thus forcing the gas into the compression chambers under very high pressure. When the piston starts on the return stroke the compressed gas is forced through the openings f, f in the cyl inder walls, around the piston into the front end of the cylinders where it is com ressed to the desired degree, and is ignited tlirough 13, by means of an stock igniter,.as indicated at 16. The sha s 22 that drive the distributers 16 may be driven from the main shaft 9, by means of ordinary spiral gears, as indicated at 23, 24, in Fig. 1, or by any other available means.

When the pistons reach the extreme ends of their im lled stroke and start upon their return stro e, the gas, as it passes around the pistons through the openings f, f, is forced upon the projections d,,-d and is deflected toward the end of the cylinder to' avert the danger of passing the live gas out through the exhaust ports a before these ports are closed.

The water circulation for cooling the cylinders, is forced, by the use of any available form of pump, as indicated at 15, 15,

in Fig. 1, into the intake pipe 17 filling the water channel 19', through the openin s nels 19, 19, and bac whence it is passed 1', 1' into the chanthrough the channels tube n, and properly passed into 'The wings g, g through the openings 2,13-

y when the pis- "ing cylinders in the two cylinder cases will 20, 20 to and through the openings .m into the channel 20 and, finally, out through the discharge channels 18, around the auxiliary the cham ber n, to be hereafter more fully described. Theways 21 may be connected, by means of the arms or lugs p, with the arms or lugs 10, by bolts, or other well known means, and should be provided with grooves in the edges for the free travel of the balls 0, so that the movement of the cross heads 6 may be as smooth and free as possible.

I provide for the passage of the water from the engine, after it has performed its service in cooling the several cylinders, by passing it from the channel 191 into the channel and from the channel n through the chanhel n into the chamber 19, thence through the chamber 20 and the channel m into and through the outflow channel 18, practically as indicated in Figs. 4, 7 and 17.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure Letters Patent of the United States, is: 1. In an engine having reciprocating pistons, two cylinder cases each havin several cylinders therein arranged in a circ e, a cam case set longitudinally between the cylinderv cases, means for securing I said cylinders firmly together endwise, so that correspondstand in direct alinement, the cam case having compression chambers .in proper alinement with the pairs of cylinders, piston rods passing through the cam case into both cylinders of a pair, a piston mounted upon each end of each piston rod, a main shaft centrally located in the cases concentric with the circle of cylinders, cylindrical valves mounted upon the shaft within the cylinder cases and concentric with the circle of cylinders, and having openings through the cylindrical walls near the back ends of the valves, the cylinder walls having corresponding openings to be opened and closed by the revolutions ofthe valves, on the shaft within the cam case, and hav-' ing an irregular groove formed in its periphery around the cam and extending practically from end to end of the cam, a crosshead mounted at the longitudinal center of each piston rod, an antifriction roller mounted on each cross. head'in position to travel in the groove in the cam to cause the cam to revolve by'the reciprocating movement of the cross-heads, ideways for carr ing the cross-heads in direct alinement in t eir reciprocal movement, carbu'reters, igniters and spark plugs connected with the several cylinders, and cooling appliances connected with the cylinders.

2. In an engine having reciprocating pistons, two cylinder cases having cylinders therein in direct alinemeut in pairs, a cam case between the two cylinder cases and in direct alinement therewith, pistons mounted p a cam mounted 110 camcase having a compression I chamber;

therein arranged to open into each-"cylinder, A 'each cylinder having an exhaust-port there-" from, a gas deflector on each piston, an arm on each piston arranged to cover the ex the valve, each cylinder having an open port through its wall adjacent to the'port throu h,

in the cylinders, piston rods connecting the pistons in pairs, a cross-head mounted at the longitudinal center of each piston rod, guide-ways in the cam case for steadying the cross-heads, a main shaft centrally mounted in the several cases, a cam mounted on said shaft within the cam case, and hav lng' an lrregular grooveiformedaround 1ts periphery from near one end to 'near the other end of the'cam, an antifriction roller mounted on each cross-head in be made to travel in the groove in the exam to transmit a revoluble movement to the cam and .the shaft, a cylindrical valve securely mounted on the shaft in each cylinder case, each of said valves having an open port through'one s'ide near the, back end, of

the valve that supplies said cylinder; t

haust ports until the instant offexhaust, a

water circulation for coolingthe-cylinders,

and a distribution and s ark plugs. n I

3. n anen ine having reciprocating'pistons connecte in pairs, two cylinder cases and a cam case set tandem with the cam case between the cylinder cases, andwha'ving comot 'carburetere, igniters,

, m'der wall vto the openings in the valvesand in posineeded, and to allow the compressedfgas flow around the pistons into the front ends pression chambers therein in proper al inement with the cylinders, a piston rod connecting each air of pistons, each cylinder having an ex aust port therefrom, an arm projecting backward from each piston, and

arranged to cover the exhaust ports except atthe immediate time of exhaust, a shaft centrally mountedin the several cases, cylindrical revoluble valves mounted on said shaft within the cylinder, cases and-having ition to port openinlgs near the back ends, each cylavinga port opening adjacent tion to allow aheavy pressure of gas to be forced into the compression Ichambers as otjthef ylinders, eam mounted on the shaft -withi'nfthe- -cam case and having a carbureter. having; an op ning "into; each water cooling circulation,

" THEODORE aflfoixansong Signed at Grand RapidgiMichi' gan, June 

